Module 2
Module 2: Physics
A B1 B2 B2L B3
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/989 amending Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014, Annex III (Part-66), Appendix I 12 June 2024
Knowledge Level Overview
| Ref | Topic | A | B1 | B2 | B2L | B3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.1 | Matter | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.2.1 | Mechanics — Statics | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.2.2 | Mechanics — Kinetics | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.2.3(a) | Dynamics — Mass, force and energy | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.2.3(b) | Dynamics — Momentum and conservation of momentum | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.2.4(a) | Fluid dynamics — Gravity and density | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2.2.4(b) | Fluid dynamics — Viscosity; compressibility; static, dynamic and total pressure | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.3(a) | Thermodynamics — Temperature | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2.3(b) | Thermodynamics — Heat | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 2.4 | Optics (light) | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | — |
| 2.5 | Wave motion and sound | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | — |
Knowledge levels: 1 = basic familiarisation, 2 = general knowledge, 3 = detailed knowledge. A dash (—) means the topic is not required for that category.
Note: In Appendix I the levels are listed under two combined columns — A and B3 share identical requirements, as do B1, B2 and B2L.
1 Basic familiarisation
2 General knowledge
3 Detailed knowledge
Examination
| Category | Questions | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| A / B3 | 32 | 40 min |
| B1 / B2 / B2L | 52 | 65 min |
Detailed Syllabus
2.1Matter
- Nature of matter: the chemical elements, structure of atoms, molecules
- Chemical compounds
- States of matter: solid, liquid and gaseous
- Changes between states
2.2Mechanics
2.2.1Statics
- Forces, moments and couples, representation as vectors
- Centre of gravity
- Elements of theory of stress, strain and elasticity: tension, compression, shear and torsion
- Nature and properties of solid, fluid and gas
- Pressure and buoyancy in liquids (barometers)
2.2.2Kinetics
- Linear movement: uniform motion in a straight line, motion under constant acceleration (motion under gravity)
- Rotational movement: uniform circular motion (centrifugal/centripetal forces)
- Periodic motion: pendular movement
- Simple theory of vibration, harmonics and resonance
- Velocity ratio, mechanical advantage and efficiency
2.2.3Dynamics
- Mass, force, inertia, work, power, energy (potential, kinetic and total energy), heat, efficiency
- Momentum, conservation of momentum
- Impulse
- Gyroscopic principles
- Friction: nature and effects, coefficient of friction (rolling resistance)
2.2.4Fluid Dynamics
- Specific gravity and density
- Viscosity, fluid resistance, effects of streamlining
- Effects of compressibility on fluids
- Static, dynamic and total pressure: Bernoulli's Theorem, venturi
2.3Thermodynamics
- Temperature: thermometers and temperature scales (Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin)
- Heat definition
- Heat capacity, specific heat
- Heat transfer: convection, radiation, conduction
- Volumetric expansion
- First and second law of thermodynamics
- Gases: ideal gas laws; specific heat at constant volume and constant pressure, work done by expanding gas
- Isothermal and adiabatic expansion and compression
- Engine cycles, constant volume and constant pressure, refrigerators and heat pumps
- Latent heats of fusion and vaporization, thermal energy, heat of combustion
2.4Optics (Light)
- Nature of light, speed of light
- Laws of reflection: reflection at plane surfaces, reflection at spherical mirrors
- Refraction, refraction at plane surfaces
- Lenses
- Fibre optics
2.5Wave Motion and Sound
- Wave motion: mechanical waves, sinusoidal wave motion, wave phenomena including interference, standing waves
- Sound: speed of sound, production of sound, intensity, pitch, quality, Doppler effect