Welcome Back

Sign in to your PART66Online account

Forgot password?

Don't have an account? Register here

EASA Part66 Module 12 Cats A3 · A4 · B1.3 · B1.4

Helicopter Aerodynamics, Structures & Systems EASA Part66 — Module 12 Practice Questions

Module 12 is the helicopter-specific counterpart to Module 11, sat only by rotary-wing licence candidates. It covers rotor aerodynamics, swashplate and tail-rotor control, main gearbox and freewheel units, airframe construction and the systems that keep a helicopter airborne. Seven sample questions sit below.

Subscriptions from €5 / month · cancel anytime
1 281
Questions in bank
5
Syllabus sections
160 min
Exam time (B1/B2)
75 %
EASA pass mark

Syllabus at a glance

Full Module 12 syllabus
Section 12.1
Rotary Wing Aerodynamics
  • Rotor disc, tip path plane, advancing & retreating blade
  • Torque reaction, dissymmetry of lift & gyroscopic precession
  • Ground effect, translational lift & autorotation
  • Vortex ring state, blade stall & Coriolis effect
Section 12.2
Flight Control Systems
  • Swashplate: rotating & non-rotating stars
  • Collective, cyclic & tail-rotor pitch control
  • Mixing units, servo & hydraulic boost
  • SAS, autopilot, AFCS & trim systems (B1.3/B1.4)
Section 12.4
Transmissions
  • Main, intermediate & tail rotor gearboxes
  • Freewheel units — sprag & roller clutches
  • Rotor brakes, drive shafts, couplings & hangers
  • Chip detectors, HUMS & over-torque procedures
Section 12.5
Airframe Structures
  • Fuselage, tailboom & pylon construction
  • Rotor head — hub, grips, dampers, elastomeric bearings
  • Rotor blade construction (spars, skins, honeycomb)
  • Damage tolerance, safe-life & fatigue concepts
Section 12.12
Hydraulic Power
  • Single, dual & utility/flight system architecture
  • Pumps, reservoirs, accumulators & filters
  • Servo actuators for flight controls
  • Manual reversion & system monitoring

Three classic exam-day traps

Gyroscopic precession — 90° phase lag

Candidates know the rotor disc tilts but forget the input must be applied 90° before the desired reaction. Cyclic pitch peaks one quarter-turn ahead of where the blade actually flaps.

Articulated rotor head hinges

A fully articulated head has flapping, drag (lead-lag) and feathering hinges. Delta hinges belong on semi-rigid heads; mixing them into the articulated list is a classic distractor.

Collective vs cyclic confusion

Collective changes all blade pitch equally for vertical thrust; cyclic changes pitch once per revolution to tilt the disc. Swap them under exam pressure and the answer is always wrong.

What Module 12 covers — in plain English

Module 12 of the EASA Part66 syllabus is the helicopter-only sister of Module 11 and is examined exclusively for the rotary-wing licence categories: A3, A4, B1.3 and B1.4. Candidates working towards a fixed-wing licence (A1, A2, B1.1, B1.2, B2) do not sit this paper. The module is large — covering rotor aerodynamics, swashplate control, main and tail gearboxes, airframe construction, and every aircraft system from hydraulics and fuel to fire protection, electrical power and avionics — which is why the B1 exam runs to 128 questions over 160 minutes.

The hardest sections at first sitting tend to be the aerodynamics theory (12.1) and the transmission and rotor head chapters (12.4 and 12.5). Rotary-wing physics has no equivalent in fixed-wing training, so candidates often arrive without intuition for gyroscopic precession, dissymmetry of lift, translational lift, autorotation or vortex ring state. Add the mechanical complexity of a freewheel unit, sprag clutch, elastomeric rotor head bearings and a multi-stage main gearbox, and the volume of new vocabulary alone catches many candidates out.

Category A3/A4 candidates sit a shorter paper (100 questions, 125 minutes) at knowledge level 1 or 2 across most sections — broadly recognition and basic explanation. B1.3 and B1.4 candidates sit the full knowledge level 3 paper on the bulk of the systems (flight controls, transmissions, hydraulics, fuel, fire, electrical, instruments, landing gear and lights), meaning they must be able to diagnose, apply and describe operation in detail. The full per-section knowledge level breakdown is on our Module 12 syllabus page.

These samples are drawn from our live Module 12 question bank of 1 281 questions. The full timed practice quiz draws 128 questions per attempt (or 100 for Cat A), scored against the official EASA 75 % pass mark, with weak-area tracking across attempts.

7 free sample questions

Click "Reveal answer + explanation" after you've picked.

Take the timed practice quiz
Q1 Rotary Wing Aerodynamics · Lift

Helicopter rotor blades create lift by

  1. A pushing the air down.
  2. B working like a screw.
  3. C creating low pressure above the blades.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Ccreating low pressure above the blades.
A rotor blade is an aerofoil — the pressure differential between the lower surface (higher static pressure) and the upper surface (lower static pressure) generates lift, exactly as on a fixed wing. Mass-flow downwash is a consequence of that lift, not its cause.
Q2 Rotary Wing Aerodynamics · Lift

Lift generated by a blade is proportional to the

  1. A relative airflow and the angle of attack.
  2. B aircraft airspeed and angle of attack.
  3. C relative airflow and the pitch.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Arelative airflow and the angle of attack.
Lift depends on the relative airflow seen by the blade (a combination of rotational speed and induced/translational components) and the angle of attack — the angle between that relative airflow and the chord line. Pitch is the geometric blade angle and only equals AoA in a vacuum.
Q3 Flight Control Systems · Swashplate

What is the swash plate on a helicopter used for?

  1. A Control of the pitch of the rotor blades.
  2. B Control of the speed of the rotor blades.
  3. C Control of the flap of the rotor blades.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: AControl of the pitch of the rotor blades.
The swashplate translates non-rotating cyclic and collective inputs from the pilot into rotating pitch changes at each blade via pitch links. It does not control rotor speed (that is the engine/governor) nor flap (that is the natural response of the disc to dissymmetry of lift).
Q4 Flight Control Systems · Collective

Movement of the collective control will

  1. A increase the pitch of the main rotor blades.
  2. B increase the pitch of the tail rotor.
  3. C tilt the disc and increase engine power.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Aincrease the pitch of the main rotor blades.
The collective lever raises the entire swashplate, applying an equal pitch change to all main rotor blades simultaneously. That changes total rotor thrust for climb or descent. Cyclic, by contrast, tilts the swashplate to vary blade pitch once per revolution and tilt the disc.
Q5 Transmissions · Clutch & Freewheel

The clutch on a piston helicopter is positioned

  1. A between the engine and the engine reduction gearbox.
  2. B between the engine reduction gearbox and the main rotor gearbox.
  3. C between the main rotor gearbox and the rotor head.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Bbetween the engine reduction gearbox and the main rotor gearbox.
On a piston helicopter the clutch sits between the engine reduction gearbox and the main rotor gearbox so the engine can be started and warmed without driving the rotors, then engaged smoothly. The freewheel unit downstream lets the rotor keep turning if the engine stops, enabling autorotation.
Q6 Airframe Structures · Rotor Head

A fully articulated rotor head would incorporate

  1. A flapping hinges, feathering hinges and delta hinges.
  2. B flapping hinges, delta hinges and drag hinges.
  3. C feathering hinges, drag hinges and flapping hinges.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Cfeathering hinges, drag hinges and flapping hinges.
A fully articulated head has three independent hinges per blade: flapping (vertical motion to relieve dissymmetry of lift), drag/lead-lag (in-plane motion to absorb Coriolis effect) and feathering (pitch change for cyclic and collective input). Delta hinges belong on semi-rigid heads.
Q7 Hydraulic Power · Manual Reversion

In the event of hydraulic failure in a power control system, a requirement of the manual reversion is that it must be

  1. A possible, but not recommended.
  2. B automatic and instantaneous.
  3. C operated by the standby hydraulic system.
Reveal answer + explanation Hide answer
Correct answer: Bautomatic and instantaneous.
Reversion to manual control on hydraulic failure must be automatic and instantaneous — the pilot cannot be expected to perform a deliberate changeover while still flying the helicopter. The certification standards (CS-27/CS-29) require continuous controllability through the failure transient.
From €5 / month · cancel anytime

Ready for the full Module 12 timed practice quiz?

Sign up, pick Module 12 from the dashboard, and take a timed exam drawn from our 1 281-question bank — the number of questions follows your licence category (100 for Cat A, 128 for B1/B2/B2L/B3). Your score is tracked across attempts and we surface your weakest sub-topics so revision time pays off.

Other EASA Part66 modules

All modules
EASA Part66
1. Mathematics
EASA Part66
2. Physics
EASA Part66
3. Electrical fundamentals
EASA Part66
4. Electronic fundamentals
EASA Part66
5. Digital techniques / Electronic instrument systems
EASA Part66
6. Materials & hardware
EASA Part66
7. Maintenance practices
EASA Part66
8. Basic aerodynamics
EASA Part66
9. Human factors
EASA Part66
10. Aviation legislation
EASA Part66
11. Aeroplane aerodynamics, structures and systems
EASA Part66
13. Aircraft aerodynamics, structures and systems
EASA Part66
14. Propulsion
EASA Part66
15. Gas turbine engine
EASA Part66
16. Piston engine
EASA Part66
17. Propeller
EASA Part66
05 — Time Limits - Maintenance Checks
EASA Part66
06 — Dimensions and Areas
EASA Part66
07 — Lifting & Shoring
EASA Part66
08 — Leveling and Weighing
EASA Part66
09 — Towing and Taxiing
EASA Part66
10 — Parking & Mooring
EASA Part66
12 — Servicing
EASA Part66
20 — Maintenance Practices
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning
EASA Part66
22 — Auto Flight
EASA Part66
23 — Communication
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment / Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel (A319/A320 & A321)
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating / Recording System
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatic
EASA Part66
38 — Water and Waste
EASA Part66
46 — ATIMS
EASA Part66
49 — APU (APIC 3200 & Garrett GTCP 36-300)
EASA Part66
51 — Structures
EASA Part66
52 — Doors
EASA Part66
53 — Fuselage
EASA Part66
54 — Nacelles / Pylon
EASA Part66
55 — Stabilizers
EASA Part66
56 — Windows
EASA Part66
57 — Wings
EASA Part66
71 — Power Plant (CFM56-5A & 5B)
EASA Part66
72 — Engine (CFM56-5B)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel and Control (CFM56-5A & 5B)
EASA Part66
74 — Ignition / Starting (CFM56-5B)
EASA Part66
75 — Air (CFM56-5A & 5B)
EASA Part66
76 — Engine Controls (CFM56-5B)
EASA Part66
77 — Engine Indicating (CFM56-5B)
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust (CFM56-5B)
EASA Part66
79 — Oil (CFM56-5A & 5B)
EASA Part66
23 — Communications (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation & Surveillance (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatic (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
46 — Information Systems / FOMAX (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
52 — Doors (NEO diff)
EASA Part66
70-72 — Engine General (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel & Control (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
74/80 — Ignition & Starting (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
75 — Engine Air (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
76/77 — Engine Controls & Indicating (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
79 — Oil (LEAP-1A)
EASA Part66
70-72 — Engine General (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel & Control (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
74/80 — Ignition & Starting (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
75 — Engine Air (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
76/77 — Engine Controls & Indicating (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
79 — Oil (PW1100G)
EASA Part66
00-20 — General / Maintenance Practices
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning
EASA Part66
22 — Auto Flight
EASA Part66
23 — Communications
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment / Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating / Recording Systems
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatic
EASA Part66
38 — Water & Waste
EASA Part66
44 — Cabin Systems
EASA Part66
45 — Central Maintenance System
EASA Part66
46 — Information Systems
EASA Part66
47 — Nitrogen Generation System
EASA Part66
49 — APU
EASA Part66
50 — Cargo & Accessory Compartments
EASA Part66
51 — Structures
EASA Part66
52 — Doors
EASA Part66
53 — Fuselage
EASA Part66
54 — Nacelles / Pylons
EASA Part66
55 — Stabilizers
EASA Part66
56 — Windows
EASA Part66
57 — Wings
EASA Part66
70 — Standard Practices Engine (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
71 — Power Plant (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
72 — Engine (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel & Control (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
74 — Ignition (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
75 — Engine Air (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
76 — Engine Controls (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
77 — Engine Indicating (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
79 — Oil (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
80 — Starting (PW1500G)
EASA Part66
01 — Maintenance Documents
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning
EASA Part66
22 — Auto Flight
EASA Part66
23 — Communications
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment & Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating & Recording
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatic & Anti-Ice
EASA Part66
38 — Water & Waste
EASA Part66
44 — Cabin Information Systems
EASA Part66
46 — Crew Information Systems
EASA Part66
47 — Inert Gas System
EASA Part66
49 — APU
EASA Part66
51/56/57 — Structures
EASA Part66
52 — Doors
EASA Part66
71-80 — Powerplant (CFM56-7B)
EASA Part66
SMYD / WTRIS / Flight Management
EASA Part66
737-900ER Differences
EASA Part66
00 — 737 General
EASA Part66
01 — Maintenance Documents
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment & Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating / MAX Display System
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatic
EASA Part66
38 — Water & Waste
EASA Part66
46 — Onboard Network / Information Systems
EASA Part66
49 — APU
EASA Part66
52 — Doors
EASA Part66
71 — Power Plant (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
72 — Engine (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel & Control (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
74 — Ignition (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
75 — Engine Air (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
76 — Engine Controls (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
77 — Engine Indicating (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
79 — Oil (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
80 — Starting (LEAP-1B)
EASA Part66
00/51 — Intro & Structures
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning
EASA Part66
22 — Auto Flight
EASA Part66
23 — Communications
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment & Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating / Recording
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
36 — Pneumatics
EASA Part66
38 — Water & Waste
EASA Part66
45 — Onboard Maintenance
EASA Part66
47 — Fuel Tank Inerting
EASA Part66
49 — APU
EASA Part66
52 — Doors
EASA Part66
71-80 — RR Trent 700 Engine
EASA Part66
05 — Airplane General & Servicing
EASA Part66
21 — Air Conditioning & Pressurisation
EASA Part66
22 — Auto Flight & Thrust Management
EASA Part66
23 — Communications
EASA Part66
24 — Electrical Power
EASA Part66
25 — Equipment & Furnishings
EASA Part66
26 — Fire Protection
EASA Part66
27 — Flight Controls
EASA Part66
28 — Fuel
EASA Part66
29 — Hydraulic Power
EASA Part66
30 — Ice & Rain Protection
EASA Part66
31 — Indicating, Recording & Displays
EASA Part66
32 — Landing Gear, Wheels & Brakes
EASA Part66
33 — Lights
EASA Part66
34 — Navigation
EASA Part66
35 — Oxygen
EASA Part66
38 — Water & Waste
EASA Part66
42 — Common Core System
EASA Part66
44 — Cabin Systems & IFE
EASA Part66
45 — Central Maintenance System
EASA Part66
46 — Information Systems & Networks
EASA Part66
47 — Inert Gas / Nitrogen Generation
EASA Part66
49 — APU
EASA Part66
51 — Structures
EASA Part66
52 — Doors & Windows
EASA Part66
71 — Power Plant (GEnx)
EASA Part66
72 — Engine (GEnx)
EASA Part66
73 — Engine Fuel & Control
EASA Part66
74 — Ignition & Starting
EASA Part66
75 — Engine Air
EASA Part66
76 — Engine Controls (FADEC)
EASA Part66
77 — Engine Indicating
EASA Part66
78 — Exhaust
EASA Part66
79 — Oil

Module 12 study resources

We use essential cookies to keep you signed in, plus anonymous analytics to understand how the site is used. Cookie-based analytics is set only with your consent. See our Privacy & Cookie Policy.